This becomes apparent when Amir describes his view of a “cluster of mud houses, beyond them nothing but broad sky and mountains like jagged teeth.” (Hosseini, 263). Chapter One. The novel, The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, depicts the regional geography of Afghanistan in great detail. [12], The main assault began on the night of May 16, after an intense aviation and artillery bombardment. I ran with the wind blowing in my face, and a smile as wide as the Valley of Panjsher on my lip. Panjshir in the Mirror of Civilization (32) My name is Sayed Hussain Yousafi, from Mata, Khinch, and Panjshir Province, Afghanistan.I was born in 25-10-1977.We migrated to Kabul I do not know the exact year. There was (1) the concentration of air assets, including extensive aerial bombardment of a target area followed by (2) the landing of helicopter forces to stop the withdrawal of enemy forces and engage the enemy from unexpected directions and (3) a drive by of mechanized forces into areas of guerrilla support in conjunction with the helicopter landing parties. Pakistan, and Afghanistan sharing what is known as the “Safe Koh range,” a part of the Hindu Kush reaching heights of 16,000 ft (4877m). This is shown in the novel as Amir signifies the coming of spring by stating, “most of the snow had melted and the hills in the north were already dotted with patches of green grass.” (Hosseini, 114) As it is shown by the quotes, one can see the effort the author has put in to correctly show the patterns in the climate of Kabul. His father, Dost Mohammad Khan, was a colonel in the Royal Afghan Army. As the story unfolds, the author uses a variety of things to describe the regions of Afghanistan. In The Kite Runner, the reader can see that the author has worked hard not only to give quantitative facts about the geography of Afghanistan, but also the qualitative features of the subtopics that this report has explored. Zontes ZT155-U1 vs Freedom Runner Kite. The overall commander of the operation was General Pechevoy. Panjshir Valley, Afghanistan. 11,000 Soviet and 2,600 Afghan soldiers, under Marshal of the Soviet Union Sergei Sokolov participated in the offensive, supported by 200 airplanes and 190 helicopters. For this reason they decided to launch a sixth offensive. [4], The first Soviet operation in Panjshir took place in April 1980, just four months after the arrival of Soviet forces in Afghanistan. In January 1983, for the first time a ceasefire was concluded between the Soviets and the Mujahideen, lasting 6 months, and later extended. (4) In The Kite Runner, Hosseini mentions some crucial details about the Hindu Kush. Once a key base for the Mujahideen during the fight against the Soviet Union in the 1980’s and 90’s, the Valley - made its own province in 2004 - is now one of the most agriculturally productive regions in the country. A kite was exactly what Amir and Hassan had smiled over as kids, and a kite is what Amir and Sohrab began to regain their trust through. When Amir says, “I tried to keep my eyes glued to the snowcapped Hindu Kush on the north side,” (Hosseini 293) we can see the importance of direction he mentions (i.e. Afghanistan is a country “walled” by mountains to each side. The plan for the operation was prepared in secret by a small number of 40th Army officers. It is also important to note that the author has not only described Kabul, but has also mentioned cities that are relevant to the plot of the story. And that is theft. While researching, certain probing questions were also gathered. Every ... , The Kite Runner. It is the entrance towards various Afghan valleys such as the Laghman and the Kunar valley. This particular fact is clearly shown in The Kite Runner when Amir says that “in Kabul, it rarely rained in the summer.” (Hosseini, 138) The lower parts of the country are especially the victims of warm, desert-like environment. In some areas the fighting was intense: when a Soviet paratrooper regiment landed east of Rukha, it was quickly encircled and suffered significant losses. For example, “at lower altitudes, the winter is pleasant but the heat in summer is intense.” (Encyclopedia Britannica, 75) There is almost no rain from June to October due to the existence of high mountains to the south. All rights reserved. Airborne Troops carried out search and destroy missions, encircling Massoud's mobile units and destroying some of them. In a series of surprise attacks, several government outposts fell to the rebels. By 1982 Massoud had built up his forces to 3,000 men, and other Mujahideen from neighbouring areas could come to his aid [11] The approaches to the valley were strengthened with defensive positions established on dominant heights and near narrow passages. [20] Through this channel, and thanks to his agents in the DRA government, Massoud had a precise idea of the Soviet plans, and he was able to counter them. The name Panjshir, literally meaning "Five Lions", refers to five Wali (literally, protectors), highly spiritual brothers who were centered in the valley. Heavy airstrikes hit the valley causing the death of 100 civilians and 15 Mujahideen. This moment was in 1975 when he was twelve years old and hid near a crumbling alleyway in his hometown of Kabul, Afghanistan. Massoud, who expected an attack similar to the previous ones, had disposed his defenses close to the entrance of the valley, and was thus unable to prevent the Soviets from gaining footholds in the Panjshir. Runner Kite+ is Assemble/Made in Bangladesh. The population of this city consists mostly of Pashtuns. Khyber Pass – One of the famous landmarks of Afghanistan is the Khyber Pass, which extends from Kabul (Afghanistan) to Peshawar (Pakistan). He attended elementary school in 1951, the Army School in 1957, and subsequently travelled to the Soviet Union for further education. Kite Runner Viewings and Assignment #1 posted Nov 28, 2010, 2:04 PM by Erika Bowen ... Sunni Hazaras living near the Panjshir Valley, Pashtu-speaking Shias in Kandahar, Dari-speaking Pashtuns in Kabul, and Pashtu-speaking Tajiks in Wardak. [5] The Soviet units involved were the 108th Motor Rifle Division, 201st Motor Rifle Division, the 103rd Guards Airborne Division, who each contributed one regiment, the 66th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade, elements of the 860th Separate Motor-Rifle Regiment, the 191st Separate Motor-Rifle Regiment and the 345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment. They were the targets for Massoud's counterattacks. As before the Mujahideen did not oppose the offensive frontally but harassed and ambushed the Soviets and DRA troops as they passed. These expectations were primarily based on gaining an idea of how much research is necessary in the creation of a novel, and how the author uses the information to describe the setting of the story. The Khyber Pass is a significant link between the two countries, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Soviet offensives into the Panjshir Valley had three main tactical features. Later in the story, when Afghanistan is attacked by the Russian forces, Amir is forced to migrate to Pakistan. In June 1979, an insurrection led by Ahmed Shah Massoud expelled all government forces, and the valley became a guerrilla stronghold. In all, 4,200 troops were airlifted into the valley to capture strategic points, right up to the Pakistani border, in an effort to cut the Mujahideen supply lines. [13] However, most of the rebels had escaped capture, and this was not the decisive victory the Soviets had been hoping for. Throughout the history, Khyber Pass has been given a lot of importance due to its adventurous route through the mountains. The Kite Runner begins with our thus-far nameless protagonist explaining that the past cannot be forgotten. [16] The government post at Birjaman fell soon after, and the Mujahideen were able to recapture some areas in this way. However, some Soviets, who were supporters of Andropov, disagreed with this policy, and they gave Massoud advance warning of the attack. Runner Kite+ can runs 80 KM per hour and it burns fuel 60 KM per Liter (approx). Dismounted Soviet and DRA troops engaged the Mujahideen on the heights around the town in an effort to break the siege. The nearness of Jalalabad to the infamous Khyber Pass is a significant factor that was portrayed correctly by Hosseini. Its price is Tk 91,000.00. "Profile: The Lion of Panjshir," BBC News online. In most case, the kite fly… The description of landmarks such as Khyber Pass and the Panjhsir Valley contributes to the understanding of the reader as the reader is better able to understand the significance of why Amir uses the Khyber Pass to escape Kabul. Babrak Karmal completed a propaganda visit to the Panjshir, which for some time had become a safe zone. The 9th offensive was carried out in reprisal for the destruction of the DRA garrison at Peshgur, during which Massoud's mobile groups took 500 prisoners including 126 officers and killed a brigadier of the Afghan Army. They were armed only with antiquated rifles and had not constructed any defensive works but laid mines on the only road. It was accompanied by a heavy aerial bombardment of villages suspected of harbouring rebel groups, notably carried out by Tu-16 bombers flying from inside the Soviet Union. Despite bitter fighting, the Soviets were unable to eradicate the Mujahideen, and the battle soon developed into a stalemate. [27], Initiated hours after the raid, the Soviet counter-attack installed a new garrison in Peshgur, and pursued the retreating Mujahideen. For example, Jalalabad is described in the story due to its use by the refugees who escaped Afghanistan because of the civil war. The operation lasted 21 days. During the 5th and 6th offensives the Soviets suffered up to 3,000 casualties, and 1,000 Afghan Army soldiers defected to the Mujahideen.[15]. Compare Zontes ZT155-U1 and Freedom Runner Kite specs, colors, reviews and ratings. In addition, the accurate description of the Panjshir Valley also helps the reader understand the impact of the civil war on the regional geography of Afghanistan. As a result a new offensive was planned, which, in Karmal's words, should be decisive and merciless, and in order to destroy the Panjshir valley bases, all those living there should be killed. During this offensive, to avoid losing vehicles to land mines, the Soviets sent their sapper units to clear the way in front of the main force. Panjshir Valley. [citation needed] There were serious issues with this tactic of large punitive offensives that contributed to the stalemate that characterized the war. Despite provocations ordered by Najibullah's government to draw the Soviets into further fighting, the situation generally remained calm, enabling Massoud to carry out his "strategic offensive", capturing much of Baghlan and Takhar provinces. The last Soviet and Afghan troops present in the lower Panjshir were finally evacuated in June 1988. (Behnke, 15) As the country developed, the city of Kabul became the largest urban center in Afghanistan. [1] The pressure on the logistic system determined the Soviet command to try and dislodge the rebels. [25] It seems likely that the reference to the '180th Motor Rifle Regiment' refers to the 682nd Motor Rifle Regiment of the 108th Motor Rifle Division, based in Kabul. Spring and autumn however are known for their clear days and cool nights. The foundations serve today for a modern reservoir. Before conducting the research, there were certain expectations and goals that were set. In Kabul, schools close in the winter and the boys fly kites in their spare time. Once armored personnel carriers and helicopters came the guerrillas would retreat into the side valleys and carry out small ambushes rather than openly confront the Soviets. Afghanistan Geography Mountains Country Nature Travel Naturaleza Rural Area Destinations. Since the Hindu Kush run from the east to the southwest, they will be found on the north side of Kabul, which is exactly what Amir mentions in his quote. [23] By blocking the Mujahideen's withdrawal routes and securing the high ground, the Soviets forced them higher into the mountains then they had previously ventured and scattered their strength as they attempted to avoid being trapped by the helicopter landings. Yousaf and Adkin reported in 1992 that the Soviet forces involved included the 180th Motor Rifle Regiment, battalions of the 66th Motor Rifle Brigade and 191st Motor Rifle Regiment, a regiment of the 103rd Guards Airborne Division, a battalion of the 345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment, accompanied by Afghan forces including the 8th Division, the 20th Division, and the 37th Commando Brigade.
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